Gospel of Matthew
Title: Gospel of Matthew. Gospel – Good
News. Matthew – gift of YHWH
Date of
writing: 40 AD
Date of
Narrative: From
Abraham (1:1) [also see the ADaM structure in 1:1] to commissioning the 11
disciples after Resurrection (28:20).
Structure:
a. Historical narrative of birth and early ministry,
ch. 1 – 4
I. First Discourse (5:1 – 7:28), Sermon on the
Mountain
b. Historical narrative of healing and
cleansings, 8:1 – 9:34
II. Second Discourse (9:35 – 11:1), Apostolic
authority and martyrdom
c. Historical narrative of lordship over the
creation, 11:2 – 12:45
III. Third Discourse (12:46 – 13:53), Parables of the
Kingdom
c’. Historical narrative of lordship over the
creation, 13:54 – 17:27
IV. Fourth Discourse (18:1 – 19:1), Rules for the
Church
b’. Historical narrative of healing the social
brokenness, 19:2 – 22:40
V. Fifth Discourse (22:41 – 26:1), End times
a’. Historical narrative of Arrest, Death, and
Resurrection, 26:2 – 28:20
Main themes:
Jesus as a
Priest – the one who teaches and maintains the boundaries of the Kingdom.
“As it is
written” – the fulfillment of the prophesies, typologies, and allusions.
Main
Characters:
Joseph,
Mary, John the Baptist, 12 disciples, Mary Magdalene, Pontius Pilate, Herod(s),
Guards.
Reflection
in other parts of the Bible: Jesus as a New and Greater Moses
|
Event |
Life of Moses |
Jesus in Matthew |
1 |
Miraculous birth |
Ex. 2 |
Mt. 1 |
2 |
Danger after being born |
Ex. 2 |
Mt. 2 |
3 |
Commissioning to the Ministry |
Ex. 3 |
Mt. 3 |
4 |
Teaching on the mountain |
Ex. 20 |
Mt. 5-7 |
5 |
Establishing the Kingdom |
Numbers |
Mt. 13 |
6 |
Teaching on the Rules of the community |
Deuteronomy |
Mt. 18-19 |
7 |
Last words on the plain |
Deuteronomy |
Mt. 26-27 |
8 |
Last scene on the mountain
|
Deuteronomy |
Mt. 28:16-20 |
Lutheran teaching:
16:15-19 on confession of Peter is discussed in “Power and
Primacy of the Pope” [7-31] giving the Testimony of Scripture, Testimony of
History, including the quotes from holy Church Fathers: Origen, Cyprian,
Augustine, Hilary, and Bede. Also with an opinion of Chrysostom.
28:18 is a basis for the authority and power of Jesus Christ
discussing the presence of the body and the blood of Christ in the Sacrament of
the Altar. The Book of Concord gives examples of correct and incorrect
interpretations (cp. FC, Epitome, VIII:16, 34, 39).
Lutheran
hymnody:
LSB 357 – O
Come, O Come Emmanuel
We Three
Kings – not found in the Lutheran hymnals
Relevancy
of the Book:
Gospel of
Matthew is an important bridge between the Old Testament (with its prophesies
and Torah settings) and Theology of New Testament – which is based on the
figure, ministry, and achievements of Jesus Christ who fulfilled them.
Only Gospel
of Matthew (in the New Testament) presents Jesus as a fulfillment of prophecy
of Isaiah 7:14 which presents Him as a son of the Virgin Mary and the
embodiment of “God-with-us”. Also, only the Gospel talks about the visit of the
Wisemen to Jerusalem and Bethlehem, showing how the Nations will come to
worship the Messiah of Israel.
Memory
verses:
16:16-17
Simon Peter replied, “You are the Christ, the Son of the living God.” And Jesus
said to him, “Blessed are you, Simon, Bar-Jonah! For flesh and blood has not
revealed this to you, but my Father who are in heaven.”
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